Glosary 90 - 100!!!!!

91. Louse (Piojo): [plural Lice] are an order of over 3,000 species of wingless insects; three of which are classified as human disease agents. They are obligate ectoparasites of every avian and most mammalian orders. They are not found on Monotremes (the platypus and the echidnas or spiny anteaters) and a few eutherian orders, namely the bats (Chiroptera), whales, dolphins and porpoises (Cetacea) and pangolins (Pholidota).

92. Macrodrip (Macrogoteo): technique for administering intravenous treatments.

93. Narcotics (Narcóticos): are drugs such as opium or heroin which make you sleepy and stop you feeling pain.

94. Neuron (Neurona): is a cell which is part of the nervous system. Neurons send messages to and from the brain.

95. Ointment (Pomada): is a smooth thick substance that is put on sore skin or a wound to help it heal.

96. Oncologist (Oncólogo): is the branch of medicine that studies tumors (cancer) and seeks to understand their development, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

97. Optic Nerve (Nervio Óptico): also called cranial nerve II, is the nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

98. P WVE (Onda P): atrial depolarization.

99. Pain (Dolor): is the feeling of great discomfort you have, for example when you have been hurt or when you are ill.

100. Ulcer (Úlcera): is a sore area on the outside or inside of your body which is very painful and may bleed or produce an unpleasant poisonous substance.

Glosary 81 - 90

81. Headache (Dolor de cabeza): is a symptom of a number of different conditions of the head and sometimes neck.

82. Heart (Corazón): is the organ in your chest that pumps the blood around your body.

83. Heel (Talón): is the back part of your foot, just below your ankle.

84. Heparin (Heparina): is widely used as an injectable anticoagulant, and has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule.

85. Hormone (Hormona): is a chemical, usually occurring naturally in your body, that makes an organ of your body do something.

86. Knee (Rodilla): is the place where your leg bends.

87. Larynx (Laringe): is an organ in the neck of mammals involved in protection of the trachea and sound production. The larynx houses the vocal folds, and is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.

88. Joint (Articulación): is the location at which two or more bones make contact.

89. Lavage (Lavado): is washing out the stomach, for example, to remove drugs or poisons.

90. Leg (Pierna): is the long part of their body that they use to stand on.

Glosary 71 - 80

71. Finger (Dedo): is a type of digit, an organ of manipulation and sensation found in the hands of humans and other primates. Normally humans have five digits, termed phalanges, on each hand.

72. Feet (Pies): are the parts of your body that are at the ends of your legs, and that you stand on.

73. Flare (Rubor): is the result of vasocompresión (shrinkage) of the capillaries (small arteries) blood to irrigate areas of the face, especially cheeks and ears.

74. Gait (Marcha): is the way locomotion is achieved using human limbs.

75. Galbladder (Vesícula Biliar): is a small non-vital organ which aids in the digestive process and concentrates bile produced in the liver.

76. Ganglion (Ganglio): is a tissue mass.






77. Gastric Intubation (Intubación Gástrica): is a diagnostic procedure.

78. Gastrostomy (Gastrotomía): refers to a surgical opening into the stomach.

79. Hand (Mano): is the part of your body at the end of your arm. Each hand has four fingers and a thumb.

80. Hair (Cabello): is the fine threads that grow in a mass on your head.

Glosary 61 - 70

61. Erythema (Eritema): abnormal redness of the skin resulting from dilation of blood vessels (as in sunburn or inflammation)

62. Eschar (Escara): From the Greek word eschara (scab) an eschar is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer, fungal infections, necrotizing spider bite wounds, and late exposure to anthrax. Eschar is sometimes called a "black wound" because the wound is covered with thick, dry, black necrotic tissue.

63. Expectorant (Expectorante): is any agent which dissolves thick mucus and is usually used to help relieve respiratory difficulties.

64. Exudate (Exudado): is any fluid that filters from the circulatory system into lesions or areas of inflammation.

65. Face (Cara): is the front part of your head from your chin to the top of your forehead, where your mouth, eyes, nose, and other features are.

66. Fallopian Tube (Trompia de Falopio): named after Gabriel Fallopius (Gabriele Fallopio), also known as oviducts, uterine tubes, and salpinges (singular salpinx) are two very fine tubes lined with ciliated epithelia, leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus.

67. Fat (Grasa): consist of a wide group of compounds that are generally soluble in organic solvents and largely insoluble in water.

68. Feces (Heces): is a waste product from an animal's digestive tract expelled through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation.

69. Feeding (Alimentación):is the process by which organisms, typically animals, obtain food.

70. Fever (Fiebre): is a frequent medical sign that describes an increase in internal body temperature to levels above normal.

Glosary 51 - 60

51. Denture (Prótesis dental móvil): prosthetic devices constructed to replace missing teeth, and which are supported by surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Conventional dentures are removable, however there are many different denture designs, some which rely on bonding or clipping onto teeth or dental implants.

52. Dialysis (Diálisis): In medicine, dialysis (from Greek "dialusis", meaning dissolution, "dia", meaning through, and "lusis", meaning loosening) is primarily used to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney function (renal replacement therapy) due to renal failure. Dialysis may be used for very sick patients who have suddenly but temporarily, lost their kidney function (acute renal failure) or for quite stable patients who have permanently lost their kidney function (stage 5 chronic kidney disease).

53. Diarrhea (Diarrea): (from the Greek, "diarrhoia" meaning "a flowing through"), is the condition of having frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. The loss of fluids through diarrhea can cause severe dehydration which is one cause of death in diarrhea sufferers. Along with water, sufferers also lose dangerous amounts of important salts, electrolytes, and other nutrients.

54. Ear (Oído): is the organ that detects sound. It not only acts as a receiver for sound, but plays a major role in the sense of balance and body position. The ear is part of the auditory system.

55. Ear drops (Gotas óticas): are a form of medicine used to treat or prevent ear infections, especially infections of the outer ear and ear canal.

56. Ecchymosis (Equimosis): The skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels.

57. Edema (Edema): formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy, is an abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body. Generally, the amount of interstitial fluid is determined by the balance of fluid homeostasis, and increased secretion of fluid into the interstitium or impaired removal of this fluid may cause oedema.

58. Electrocardiograph (Electrocardiógrafo): is the recording of the electrical activity of the heart over time via skin electrodes.

59. Elixir (Elixir): A sweet flavored liquid (usually containing a small amount of alcohol) used in compounding medicines to be taken by mouth in order to mask an unpleasant taste.

60. Emergency (Emergencia): is a situation which poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment.

Glosary 41 - 50

41. Coccyx (Coxis): commonly referred to as the tailbone, is the final segment of the human vertebral column. Comprising three to five separate or fused vertebrae (the coccygeal vertebrae) below the sacrum, it is attached to the sacrum by a fibrocartilaginous joint, the sacrococcygeal symphysis, which permits limited movement between the sacrum and the coccyx.

42. Cold (Resfriado Común): having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold.

43. Dacryocyst (saco lagrimal): the two dilated ends of the lacrimal ducts at the nasal ends of the eyes that fill with tears secreted by the lacrimal glands.

44. Dander (Caspa): is material shed from the body of various animals, similar to dandruff or pet pollen. It may contain scales of dried skin and hair, or feathers. It is a frequent cause of allergy in humans.

45. Deaf (Sordo): Not having the faculty of hearing, or only partially able to hear.

46. Decubitus (Decúbito): Commonly used in medicine, the word decubitus is used to mean "lying down". It originates from the Latin term decumbere meaning "to lie down". The term is related to the Latin cubitum, which means elbow. This is because of the Roman tendency to lean upon their elbows when resting.

47. Deferent Duct (Conducto deferente): also called ductus deferens, (Latin: "carrying-away vessel"), is part of the male anatomy of some species; they transport sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of ejaculation.

48. Defibrillation (Desfibrilación): is the definitive treatment for the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. Defibrillation consists of delivering a therapeutic dose of electrical energy to the affected heart with a device called a defibrillator. This depolarizes a critical mass of the heart muscle, terminates the arrhythmia, and allows normal sinus rhythm to be reestablished by the body's natural pacemaker, in the sinoatrial node of the heart.

49. Degenerative disease (Enfermedad degenerativa):is a disease in which the function or structure of the affected tissues or organs will progressively deteriorate over time, whether due to normal bodily wear or lifestyle choices such as exercise or eating habits. Degenerative diseases are often contrasted with infectious diseases.

50. Deltoid Muscle (Músculo deltoides): In human anatomy, the deltoid muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.It was previously called the Deltoideus and the name is still used by some anatomists. It is called so because it is in the shape of the Greek letter Delta (triangle).The deltoid is a frequent site to administer intra-muscular injections.

Glosary 31 - 40

31. Calcium (Calcio): is a soft white element which is found in bones and teeth.

32. Cannula (Cánula): is a tube which can be inserted into the body, often for the delivery or removal of fluid.

33. Capillary (Capilar): is the smallest of a body's blood vessels, measuring 5-10 μm in diameter, which connect arterioles and venules, and enable the interchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and many other nutrient and waste chemical substances between blood and surrounding tissues.

34. Capsid (Cápside): is the protein shell of a virus. It consists of several oligomeric structural subunits made of protein called protomers. The 3-dimensional morphological subunits that can be observed, which may or may not correspond to individual proteins, are called capsomeres. The capsid encloses the genetic material of the virus.

35. Capsule (Cápsula): is a very large organelle of some prokaryotic cells, such as bacterial cells. It is a layer that lies outside the cell wall of bacteria. It is a well organized layer, not easily washed off, and it can be the cause of various diseases.

36. Cardiac Massage (Masaje cardiaco): technique of cardiac resuscitation.

37. Carcinogen (Carcinógeno): refers to any substance, radionuclide or radiation that is an agent directly involved in the promotion of cancer or in the increase of its propagation. This may be due to the ability to damage the genome or to the disruption of cellular metabolic processes. Several radioactive substances are considered carcinogens, but their carcinogenic activity is attributed to the radiation, for example gamma rays and alpha particles, which they emit. Common examples of carcinogens are inhaled asbestos, certain dioxins, and tobacco smoke.

38. Chromatin (Cromatina): is the complex combination of DNA, RNA, and protein that makes up chromosomes. It is found inside the nuclei of eukaryotic cells, and within the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells. It is divided between heterochromatin (condensed) and euchromatin (extended) forms. Chromatin contains genetic material-instructions to direct cell functions.

39. Clamp (Pinza): is an instrument used mainly in surgery

40. Cobalamin (Cobalamina): A complex compound, containing cobalt (a member of the vitamin B complex), found in liver; it is used to treat pernicious anemia.

Glosary 21 - 30

21. Bifid (Bífido): divided into two lobes.

22. Bladder (Vejiga): In anatomy, the urinary bladder (roughly translated from vesicle) is a solid, muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ that sits on the pelvic floor in mammals. It is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.

23. Blast Cell (Célula blástica): A white blood cell that fails to mature, multiplies rapidly, and crowds out normal blood cells; inhibits the ability of normal cells to effectively defend the body against microorganisms.

24. Bleb (Vesícula): is a large blister (usually approximately hemispherical) filled with serous fluid. Blebs can form in a number of tissues due to different pathologies, including frostbitten tissues, and as a cause of spontaneous pneumothorax. In the lungs, a bleb is a collection of air within the layers of the visceral pleura. In ophthalmology, blebs may be formed intentionally in the treatment of glaucoma.

25. Bleed (Sangrar): To lose blood through an injured blood vessel.

26. Blood (Sangre): is the red liquid that flows inside your body, which you can see if you cut yourself.

27. Brain (Cerebro): is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.Brains can be extremely complex. The human brain contains roughly 100 billion neurons, linked with up to 10,000 synaptic connections each. Each cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly one billion synapses.

28. Breast (Pecho): is the upper ventral region of an animal’s torso, particularly that of mammals, including human beings. The breasts of a female primate’s body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants.

29. Cesarean (Cesárea): is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a mother's abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies. It is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the baby's or mother's life or health at risk, although in recent times it has been also performed upon request for childbirths that could otherwise have been natural.

30. Calcaneus (Colcáneo): This word derives its name from the Latin word calx = chalk or limestone, perhaps from a fancied resemblance to that substance. The bone is also known as the os calcis or chalk bone.

Glosary 11 - 20

11. Aldosterone (Aldosterona): is a hormone that increases the reabsorption of sodium and water and the release (secretion) of potassium in the kidneys. This increases blood volume and therefore, increases blood pressure. Many drugs, such as spironolactone, lower blood pressure by blocking the aldosterone receptor. Aldosterone is part of the renin-angiotensin system.

12. Bacillus (Bacilo): is a genus of rod-shaped bacteria. Bacillus species are either obligate or facultative anaerobes, and test positive for the enzyme catalase.

13. Back (Espalda): is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body.

14. Bactericidal (Bactericida): preventing infection by inhibiting the growth or action of microorganisms [bacteria]

15. Balm (Bálsamo): a natural medicine system. Normally prescribed by a balmist, the system involves the treatment of various aliments with several herbs or bushes.

16. Bandage (Vendaje): A strip of gauze or similar material used to protect or support a wound or injury.

17. Barbiturate (Barbitúrico): is a drug which people take to make them calm or to help them to sleep.

18. Basophil (Basófilo): is the least common of the granulocytes, representing about 0.01% to 0.3% of circulating leukocytes (white blood cells).

19. Bening (Benigno): means it has no malignancy.

20. Bicuspid (Bicúspide): or premolar teeth are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as a 'transitional tooth' during chewing, or mastication.

Glosary 1 - 10

1.Abduction (Abeducción): in functional anatomy, is a movement which draws a limb away from the median (Saggital) plane of the body. It is opposed to adduction.

2. Adduction (Aducción): is a movement which brings a limb — arm or leg — closer to the saggital plane of the body. It is opposed to abduction. This term is also used in reference to the operation of the muscle in anatomy or musculature.

3. Acoustic nerve (nervio acústico): Also known as the vestibulocochlear nerve or auditory is the eighth of twelve cranial nerves, and is responsible for transmitting sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain.

4. Acute abdomen (Abdomen agudo): The term acute abdomen refers to a sudden, severe abdominal pain that is less than 24 hours in duration. It is in many cases a medical emergency, requiring urgent and specific diagnosis. Several causes need surgical treatment.


5. Adenoid (Adenoides): One of two folds of lymphatic tissue covered by ciliated epithelium. They are found in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx at the back of the throat behind the uvula. They may obstruct normal breathing and make speech difficult when swollen.

6. Adenosine (Adenosina): is a nucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule moiety via a β-N₉- glycosidic bond.

7.Adrenal cortex (Corteza suprarrenal): Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis.

8. Afebrile ( Afebril): Without fever.

9. Albumin (Albumina): is a protein that is found in blood plasma, egg white, and some other substances.

10. Ambulance (Ambulancia): is a vehicle for taking people to and from hospital.